Calipers last a long time, but when one fails it affects braking and safety. Knowing the signs tells you when it is time to replace a caliper. Here is what to watch for.
Sticking or dragging
The most common failure is a caliper that will not release, dragging the pad on the rotor; see sticking caliper. That causes a pull to one side, a hot wheel, a burning smell, and fast uneven pad wear; see pull when braking.
Leaking fluid
A torn piston seal lets brake fluid leak at the caliper - you will see dampness on the inside of the wheel and the pedal may feel low. A leaking caliper drops braking and must be replaced promptly.
Seized after high mileage or rust
Corroded guide pins or a stuck piston, common on high-mileage or salt-belt cars, keep the caliper from moving freely; see high-mileage calipers and do calipers wear out. If it cannot be freed and greased, replace it.
What to do
Replace a failed caliper - a loaded unit makes it easy; see what is a loaded caliper - and always replace the pads and service the rotor on that corner. Fit quality pads and hardware.